Main article: Learn How to Manage SharePoint with PowerShell
The SharePoint Management Shell is not just a PowerShell console. It’s a PowerShell console that’s been started with some parameters to load in support for SharePoint. Because of that you can’t fire up any old PowerShell console and expect it to work with SharePoint. If you start the default PowerShell console in Windows, or any other non-SharePoint PowerShell console, you’ll need to load the SharePoint module into the shell to manage SharePoint. You can do this with the following command:
Add-PSSnapin Microsoft.Sharepoint.Powershell
After loading the SharePoint module, you'll be able to use all the SharePoint cmdlets in this PowerShell console. You’ll have to do this every time you open up a non-SharePoint PowerShell console, so you might want to add that command to your profile so it gets loaded each time the console opens. If you aren’t sure which file is your profile, type $profile at the PowerShell prompt to see which file is loaded each time that console opens.
Note that the SharePoint Management Shell works only on machines that have SharePoint installed, and only on the SharePoint farm that machine is in. If you want to use PowerShell on your SharePoint farm from the comfort of your own desktop, use the PowerShell 2 feature called remoting. Type
Get-Help about_remoting
at a PowerShell prompt to learn more about this feature.